| Darwin-Evolution Theory | | | | pre-biotic soup - "how did single compounds become |
| Charles Darwin, in 1859, published his very brilliant | | | | complex molecules, then first living entities - remains |
| theory about evolution: an accidental spark of original | | | | "most tantalizing question in science." |
| life from lightning striking a pool of pre-biotic soup, | | | | Commentary Magazine, "On the Origins of Life", Feb. |
| random mutations of life forms, small cumulative | | | | 2006, David Berlinski.; extensive article, covering |
| steps over eons of time; and continuous natural | | | | complete history of centuries-long attempts to |
| selection via "survival of the fittest". The entire | | | | create life in laboratory from inorganic materials of |
| non-religious world became believers, and scientists | | | | assumed early world atmosphere. Starting in 1828 |
| anxiously sought to find the first "missing link" - fossils | | | | with cyanic acid and ammonia, first synthesis of urea, |
| which would prove Darwin's theory. However, a | | | | chief constituent of urine, achieved by chemist |
| century passed and tens of thousands of fossils | | | | Wohler. Theories of pre-biotic "soup" of methane and |
| were dug up, examined and documented - but no | | | | ammonia led to experiments with electrons of |
| such evidence was found. (However, his theories do | | | | hydrogen atoms, electrical discharges replicating |
| apply very well after the original species has - | | | | lightning, and then to Miller-Urey experiment in 1953. |
| somehow - come to life!) | | | | Earlier, Watson and Crick published double helix DNA |
| Despite this lack of confirmation, however, a basic | | | | theory in Nature magazine, ".. copying mechanism .. |
| bias, favoring Evolution by leaders and intellectuals | | | | for genetic material." Watson-Crick experiment |
| everywhere, took root, has grown and continues | | | | seemed successful - amino acids found in living |
| today, nurtured by a tendency of the secular elite to | | | | systems. From promising start, history of man's |
| publicize items of support and to negatize contrary | | | | (futile) attempts to "create life" from pre-biotic soup |
| findings. The result has been a generation of | | | | of inorganic matter - exhaustively presented. |
| "brainwashed" teachers, students, writers, judges and | | | | (Doctorate in biology would be helpful to comprehend |
| the general public - "Darwin-Evolutionism" being | | | | the up-and-back steps of complex theories and |
| accepted as fact (and belief in "God" or a Creator | | | | experiments.) (Note - summary-conclusion same as |
| dismissed as childish). Even those who know | | | | herein -cannot prove either way - however, |
| otherwise generally "go along" to avoid ridicule, adding | | | | obstacles to Darwinian theory are insurmountable.) |
| to the universal belief-system. This, despite increasing | | | | Quotations of various elements of the historical |
| scientific challenges - such as a serious lack of fossil | | | | record are from the articles. The exchanges of |
| corroboration plus contradicting scientific data during | | | | technical argument emphasizes the complexity and |
| recent decades - casting doubt on Darwin theory. | | | | zeal with which pro-Darwin scientists push themselves |
| Thus, most educated people today believe in | | | | seeking a non-creator solution. Other articles on the |
| Darwin-Evolutionism and reject the possibility of a | | | | subject are "Monkeys and Morals", New Republic |
| creator, despite accumulating evidence that there is | | | | Magazine, Gertrude Himmelfarb; Discover Magazine, |
| less and less of Science disagreeing with the Bible, | | | | "Testing Darwin", by Carl Zimmer. |
| and more and more of actual confirmations! | | | | Scientists and Mathematicians Challenging D-E theory |
| Secular Elitist Views | | | | - "In the five-million-year transition, pre-Cambrian to |
| The writings of columnist Richard Cohen of the | | | | Cambrian life, the basic anatomy of every animal alive |
| Washington Post on Darwin-Evolutionism are | | | | developed. Massive morphological changes were |
| representative of the thinking and mindset of most | | | | required in every part of the ancestral genome. ... |
| (non-scientist) erudite writers and steerers of public | | | | [yet] no evidence of evolution within the |
| thought: | | | | five-million-year span of the Cambrian explosion." |
| - "Darwin, visiting the Galapagos Islands in 1835, was | | | | - Cambrian explosion of life is one of the greatest |
| stunned by what he saw and evolved a theory to | | | | discoveries - 530 million years ago - "basic anatomies |
| explain it all - natural selection." | | | | of all life forms extant today appeared simultaneously |
| - "Creationism - [is] a matter of religious belief .. not | | | | in the oceans." |
| scientific theory or fact." | | | | - "No pro-Darwin evidence in the fossil record - |
| - "intellectual honesty counts for less and less. .. [or] | | | | neither fossils nor variety of life provide proof of one |
| intellectual integrity." | | | | species changing into another, or development of |
| - "The current and ongoing assault on evolution, is an | | | | complex life from earlier, simpler forms." |
| assault, on thinking and truth and skepticism. | | | | - "The explosion of life recorded in the Burgess Shale |
| Similar views of the liberal elite have appeared in all | | | | fossils contradicted .. gradualism" (evolution theory of |
| leading newspapers and magazines, evidencing a clear | | | | Darwin - cumulative random mutations). |
| attitude of smug superiority, phrases such as | | | | - "Approximately 250 million years ago, 95 percent of |
| "intellectual honesty and integrity" and the dismissal of | | | | all marine life suffered a massive extinction - ecology |
| "creationism" abound. | | | | wide open .. yet no new body plans evolved to fill |
| Even more scathing than Cohen's column, the New | | | | ecological gap. Why?" |
| Yorker's "Talk of the Town" featured an article by | | | | - "Every paleontologist knows .. new species, genera |
| Hendrick Hertzberg, not-too-subtly entitled "Mired". It | | | | and families .. appear suddenly, not by gradual, |
| ostensibly argued the competitive theories of | | | | continuous transitional sequences. " |
| Darwinism and Creationism - labeling the latter "mud | | | | - "A major problem in proving theory of evolution - |
| theory" (citing Genesis, ".. water . . and the Lord | | | | fossil record never revealed Darwin's hypothetical |
| formed man of the dust". (The obvious explanation: | | | | intermediate variants - instead species appear and |
| "mud is what you get when you add water to dust.") | | | | disappear abruptly - fuels the argument - each |
| Sophisticated and humorous, the article ridicules | | | | species created by God." |
| Creationism, | | | | - "Paleontologists - not seeing expected changes .. |
| Hertzberg's statements and the comments they | | | | fossils recognizably the same .. known to |
| invite: | | | | paleontologists long before Darwin [who] prophesized |
| - "The mud theory is still dominant in the United | | | | future generations would fill the gaps .. 120 years |
| States" "A competing theory .. conceived a century | | | | later, abundantly clear .. fossil record shows prediction |
| and a half ago by Charles Darwin .. commands solid | | | | wrong .. species static .. everyone knew it but |
| majorities in most of the developed world .. | | | | preferred to ignore it. Paleontologists, obstinately |
| overwhelming evidence for its validity .. | | | | refusing to yield Darwin's predictions, simply looked |
| near-unanimous support of scientists everywhere." | | | | the other way." |
| Comment: The statements: "over-whelming evidence | | | | - "Eldredge-Gould concept of punctuated equilbria |
| of its validity" and "near-unanimous support of | | | | gained wide acceptance among paleontologists .. |
| scientists" are both strenuously challenged by many | | | | [Darwinism] fails to account for paradox: within |
| scientists. | | | | continuously sampled lineages, rarely [the] gradual |
| - equates "natural science and supernatural | | | | morphological trends predicted - change occurs with |
| supposition as different schools of thought." | | | | sudden appearance of new well-differentiated |
| Comment: Denigrating the popularly-believed "biblical | | | | species." |
| theory of Creationism" as only "supernatural | | | | - "Modern multicellular animals - first appearance in the |
| supposition" - seems a gratuitous insult to the large | | | | fossil record 570 million years ago - with a bang. |
| majority of religious Americans! | | | | Cambrian explosion - advent of virtually all major |
| - "ID (Intelligent Design) recognizes that the age of | | | | groups of modern animals - all within miniscule span |
| the universe is measured in billions, not thousands of | | | | (geologically) of a few million years." |
| years." Comment: Apparently neither Mr. Hertzberg | | | | - "The fossil record caused Darwin more grief than |
| nor his editors are familiar with Einstein's law of "time | | | | joy. Nothing distressed him more than Cambrian |
| dilation" (Law of Relativity), and seem unknowing | | | | explosion - coincident appearance of almost all |
| about what Science says happened at the beginning | | | | complex organic designs." |
| of our universe (See Ezine article, "Big Bang - | | | | - "Paleontologists long aware of contradiction |
| Beginning of Universe: 13.7 Billion Years Ago (Earth | | | | between Darwin's postulate of gradualism and actual |
| time - vs six days Cosmic and Bible time!)". | | | | findings of paleontology .. no evidence for any change |
| - "But I.D. - whose central (and easily refuted) talking | | | | of species into different genus, or for origin of an |
| point is that certain structures of living things are too | | | | evolutionary novelty. Anything truly novel always |
| intricate to have evolved without the intervention of | | | | appears abruptly in the fossil record." |
| an "intelligent designer" - enjoys virtually no scientific | | | | - "In the entire fossil record, with millions of |
| support. " Comment: "Easily refuted" and "virtually no | | | | specimens, no midway transitional fossil ever found |
| scientific support"? It would be interesting for Mr. | | | | at the basic levels of phylum or class." |
| Hertzberg and his editors to refute the arguments of | | | | - "If life had evolved into its wondrous profusion of |
| so many outstanding scientists - reading the sections | | | | creatures little by little, Dr. Eldredge argues, one |
| herein on the mathematical improbabilities for life by | | | | would expect to find fossils of transitional creatures, |
| random chance mutations (Darwin-Evolutionism). | | | | a bit like what went before, a bit like what came |
| Fear of Pro-Darwinist Intolerance | | | | after. But no one has found any evidence of such |
| Noteworthy has been the effect of fear of the | | | | transitional creatures - oddity attributed to gaps in |
| dominant and increasingly intolerant secular | | | | the fossil record - expected to fill when rock strata |
| world-view, its unwillingness to accept contrary | | | | of proper age had been found. In last decade, |
| scientific developments, and thus - for those whose | | | | however, geologists have found rock layers of all |
| work tends to challenge Darwinism - a concern for | | | | divisions of past 600 million years - no transitional |
| personal reputations and careers, even for | | | | forms. " |
| world-class scientists. | | | | - "Given that evolution, according to Darwin - follows, |
| A century ago, Dr. C. Walcott, Director of the | | | | logically, that the fossil record should be rife with |
| Smithsonian Institute, did the "unthinkable" for a | | | | examples of transitional forms leading from the less |
| paleontologist - he re-hid 60,000 fossils that he had | | | | to the more evolved. Instead - only gaps - no |
| just discovered in the Burgess Pass of the Canadian | | | | evidence of transformational intermediates between |
| Rockies. Under a tropical sea 530 million years ago, | | | | species." |
| the sand so fine, that soft tissue was preserved, the | | | | - "Is only one genetic system workable? Based on all |
| 60,000 fossils were the greatest find ever. Walcott, | | | | biological and paleontological data, that seems to be |
| however, did not publish his findings and give them to | | | | the case. Why" |
| the world, but hid them again in the Smithsonian's | | | | - "The absence of fossil evidence for intermediate |
| basement lockers (re-discovered by a | | | | stages between major transitions in organic design, |
| graduate-student after almost a century.) He did so | | | | indeed our inability, even in imagination, to construct |
| because the sixty-thousand first-ever fossils showed | | | | functional intermediates .. persistent, nagging problem |
| fully-formed creatures of all extant life forms - not a | | | | for gradualist accounts of evolution." |
| single missing-link or inter-step creature! The Burgess | | | | - "Biology has discovered that life started after |
| Pass fossils show that the fossil record does not | | | | appearance of liquid water.. three billion years later, |
| support Darwinian theory. Walcott obviously worried | | | | animal life exploded in a burst of aquatic organisms, all |
| that his findings could destroy even his reputation | | | | phyla alive today." |
| and career. | | | | - "Contrary to scientific opinion held until recently, |
| A bit later, even Professor Albert Einstein acted | | | | fossil data demonstrate that first simple plant life |
| similarly in regard to his expanding universe Field | | | | appeared immediately after liquid water, not billions of |
| Equations - subsequently confirmed by the Hubble | | | | years later. " |
| astronomical observations. An expanding universe | | | | - "The fossil evidence .. challenges classic evolution .. |
| meant a "shrinking" universe as one considered the | | | | found world-wide ... the Cambrian explosion |
| past. And without size limitation, Einstein's theory | | | | encompassed the globe. Jointed legs ,. eyes with |
| would therefore mean that the beginning of our | | | | optically perfect lenses - all evolved simultaneously |
| universe was but a tiny speck - such a consideration | | | | [for] all body plans extant today - single burst in the |
| was certain to evoke the concept of the biblical | | | | fossil record. " |
| Genesis story, contrary to his own beliefs and the | | | | - "Darwin's theory incompatible with current scientific |
| secular world-view of Darwin-Evolutionism - possibly | | | | data." |
| ruinous to his career. Einstein, therefore, also did the | | | | - With regard to birds and wings, earliest fossil data .. |
| "unthinkable" - he incorporated a "fudge factor" so his | | | | "research by paleontologists and biologists provide no |
| mathematical universe would be constant in size! | | | | clue [re] developmental origins - wings emerge |
| After the irrefutable astronomical proof of an | | | | suddenly .. fully developed. " |
| expanding universe, he admitted his action as "the | | | | - "The comprehensive Museum of Natural History in |
| biggest blunder of my life." | | | | London - entire section devoted to Evolution - not a |
| In present-day school systems, Boards of Education | | | | single case with a morphological change - daisies and |
| and courts, influenced by aggressive secularist ACLU | | | | moths change color, but remain daisies and moths." |
| et al, have established the classroom curriculum - | | | | - "Transitional forms totally absent from fossil record |
| teach only Darwin-Evolutionism. Teachers who do not | | | | at basic level of phylum. Only after body plans are |
| go along are being expelled. | | | | established are fossil transitions observed"; |
| Pro-Darwin Scientists, Frank and Honest! | | | | "Inter-phylum development [proven] false by the |
| The objections by civic and school leaders to the | | | | fossil record". |
| teaching of Intelligent Design as an alternate to | | | | - "Convergent evolution" - emergence of organs |
| Darwin-Evolutionism theory, has resulted in a growing | | | | similar in function in differing species. Most |
| controversy, with a flurry of articles purporting to | | | | spectacular, eye; gene that controls development - |
| support the pro-Darwin court rulings. However, it is | | | | the same in all phyla, an implausible probability |
| quite informative to read such articles by scientific | | | | Molecular biology proves "the same gene (one of |
| authorities in the fields of relevance: biology, | | | | 50,000-70,000) controls development of all visual |
| chemistry, biochemistry. paleontology, etc., and - | | | | systems in phyla of all living creatures. " |
| despite the conviction by these intellectual elite that | | | | - "Humans ... approximately 70,000 genes ...and |
| D-E is proven fact - discover the lack of such proof! | | | | approximately 70,000 proteins. All mammals - similar .. |
| Each progressive bit of knowledge of Life's origins | | | | Proteins - "strings" [each] between 200 and 1000 |
| acquired during the past two centuries seems to | | | | amino acids ... thus fifty to seventy million amino |
| uncover only deeper mysteries. The escalating | | | | acids...[for animal] structures - make up thirty trillion |
| complexity of researcher's reports have become | | | | cells of a human. Can this really be believed to be the |
| increasingly multifaceted. Listed below are quotes | | | | result of just random selection? " |
| from pro-D-E scientists which highlight the fact that | | | | - "Scientists point out that random mutations should |
| D-E is not proven fact and, in all probability, cannot | | | | work both ways - disintegrate a new compound or |
| ever be proven. (Adding to this, there is still the | | | | extend from simple to complex" (if "ethical honest"). |
| overwhelming mathematical improbabilities by | | | | Mathematical estimates [for] random reactions per |
| scientists who challenge both an accidental origin and | | | | Darwin - simply not enough time!" |
| a Darwinian mutational development for life on Earth. | | | | - "Whether studying bacteria, a blade of grass or a |
| Note. the compounding complexities of the research | | | | human, all base their existence on the same 20 amino |
| attempts and arcane hypotheses are presented in | | | | acids. |
| the source reference book; as also are the individually | | | | - "The lungfishes, like every major group of fishes .. |
| quoted scientist-authors) | | | | origins based on nothing. " |
| The following quotes are by pro-Darwin scientists - | | | | - "Animal life confined to thirty-four basic body plans - |
| refuting the claims by secularists that D-E- is proven | | | | why? " |
| science - despite 175 years of research, the theory is | | | | - "It is a simple ineluctable truth that virtually all |
| still engulfed in mysteries: | | | | members of a biota remain stable .. throughout |
| - "Life could not have evolved without a genetic | | | | duration. " |
| mechanism - able to store, replicate, and transmit to | | | | - H. Morowitz, Professor of Physics, Yale University; |
| progeny information [as do RNA, DNA]"; | | | | "Random events cannot account for the origin of life. |
| - ".. most sober attempts to reconstruct life .. [are] | | | | " |
| fraught with guesswork. " | | | | - "Michael Behe, makes compelling argument against |
| - "RNA meets requirements, but is highly unstable. A | | | | "macro-evolution .. the intricacy of sub-cellular |
| self-catalyzing, self-replicating RNA molecule is unlikely | | | | biochemical systems .. "macro-evolution cannot |
| to have arisen spontaneously. So where did it come | | | | operate at the microcellular level" - proving point using |
| from?" | | | | five systems in the body - "any minute change |
| - ".. cooked" by some unknown energy after being" | | | | causes highly specialized machinery of the cell |
| chemically combined in a pre-biotic soup". | | | | inoperable. From sub-cellular perspective, impossible |
| - "..perhaps life's precursor molecules formed .. in a | | | | for a bacterium to evolve into organism with complex |
| soup of prehistoric organic compounds four billion | | | | biochemical systems because of their irreducibly |
| years ago." | | | | complex mechanisms, no matter how much time |
| - "The hypothesis that a pre-biotic soup fostered an | | | | available!" |
| RNA world .. then spawned life, still .. most coherent .. | | | | - "Paleontological data is consistent with the view |
| life's evolution .. [but] exact pathway for life's origin .. | | | | that all currently recognized phyla evolved 525 million |
| never be known." | | | | years ago. Despite half billion years .. no new phylum |
| - "How did genetic polymers [RNA] come to direct | | | | level designs have appeared. " |
| protein synthesis in [the] early atmosphere?" | | | | - "Eldredge and Gould .. take the [fossil] record at |
| - .. pro-D-E scientists .. world's most-knowledgeable - | | | | face value. .. no evidence of modification within |
| Crick, co-discoverer of DNA (admitted agnostic, | | | | species, or .. intermediate between species, because |
| inclined to atheism). "From Watson-Crick base pairings | | | | [believe] neither occurred - species form almost |
| .. molecular biologists .. protein synthesis .. most | | | | instantaneously - remain unchanged." |
| unlikely." | | | | - "We have long known of stasis and abrupt |
| - "Ten years later...Crick invoked 'sequence | | | | appearance .. have chosen to fob it off on imperfect |
| hypothesis' .. DNA .. expressed [as] .. message and | | | | fossil record." |
| code .. remained obscure .. [the] spelling of .. the | | | | - "Paleontologists ever since Darwin searched for |
| message and [its] mechanism." | | | | sequences [of] fossils .. a startling fact that most |
| - "Mechanism conceived as .. single-stranded RNA .. | | | | species remain recognizable, virtually unchanged .. in |
| [the] messenger. Jacob and Monom argued [against] .. | | | | geological sediments." |
| details of code, sixty-four codons govern twenty | | | | - "The overwhelming prevalence of stasis - an |
| amino acids .. details obscure. No .. direct connection | | | | embarrassing feature of fossil record - best ignored." |
| between .. RNA and amino acids." | | | | - "Paleontologists not seeing the expected changes - |
| - Crick wrote, "If consider physico-chemical nature of | | | | fossils remain recognizably the same .. known to |
| amino acid side chains, do not find .. features .. where | | | | paleontologists long before Darwin .. [he] prophesized |
| are .. knobby hydrophobic surfaces .. [or] charged | | | | future .. would fill in gaps .. 120 years later, abundantly |
| groups? " .. led to conclusion .. "nucleic acids not form | | | | clear .. fossil record shows prediction wrong." |
| templates for amino acids, therefore information | | | | - "The record jumps, and all evidence shows .. record |
| contained - wisdom of the species - had to be | | | | is real, gaps reflect real events in life's history, not a |
| expressed .. as code". | | | | poor fossil record .. flatly fails to substantiate .. |
| - In 1969 .. adapters .. discovered .. twenty | | | | expectation of graded change." |
| designated [as] 'transfer RNA' .. raised question, 'What | | | | - "Despite the bright promise - paleontology provides |
| acted to adapt the adapters to amino acids? ' .. | | | | means of "seeing" evolution - nasty difficulties for |
| - amino acylation [designated] tRNA - ribosome .. | | | | evolutionists - most notorious - "gaps" [in] fossil |
| Replication to Transcription to Translation .. proceeds | | | | record. Evolution requires intermediate forms |
| [only] one direction .. familiar [enigma] figure 'chicken | | | | between species, and paleontology does not provide |
| and egg. 'Without amino acid -'tRNA' .. no translation | | | | them." |
| from RNA - without DNA, no synthesis .. suggests life | | | | - "The geologic record .. no evidence as to the origin |
| comes only from life. Which came first, chicken - | | | | of fishes. " |
| form of DNA, or egg - form of proteins? And if | | | | - "No fish is thought to be ancestral to earliest land |
| neither, how could life have begun? " "hypotheses .. | | | | invertebrates. " |
| chicken was egg." | | | | - "Scientists have no proof that life was not the |
| - Discovery of ribozyme .. ribonucleic enzyme .. an | | | | result of .. creation ., but driven to seek explanations |
| entire world of RNA. "This account .. no longer | | | | [in] natural law. .. no clear-cut answer [how life arose |
| fantasy. But it is not yet fact." | | | | from inanimate matter] because chemists never |
| - Miller-Urey .. experienced geochemists .. | | | | succeeded in creation of life from non-living matter. |
| reservations." ".. pre-biotic atmosphere more .. neutral | | | | Scientists .. do not know .. appearance of life .. |
| than reductive .. little methane .. good deal of carbon | | | | miraculous. Perhaps life on the earth - unique. No |
| dioxide." "..remained embarrassing secret .." "The issue | | | | scientific evidence precludes possibility."/li> |
| .. troubling. Recent paper in Science .. pre-biotic | | | | - "With the benefit of hindsight, it is amazing that |
| atmosphere .. seriously in error." Crick: "Either a | | | | paleontologists have accepted gradual evolution as |
| reducing atmosphere or [we do] not have .. organic | | | | universal pattern on a handful of supposedly |
| compounds [as] required for life." | | | | well-documented lineages, none of which actually |
| - "Among questions .. nitrogenous base cytosine. Not | | | | withstands close scrutiny. " |
| a trace .. [in] meteors, comets or Antarctic -nor | | | | - "Instead of finding the gradual unfolding of life, |
| produced .. in pre-biotic chemistry. Beyond living cells .. | | | | what geologists .. actually find is .. species appear |
| not found at all." | | | | suddenly, show little or no change during their |
| - "1999 Proceedings, Nat'l Acad. Of Science, R. | | | | existence, then abruptly go out of the record. rarely |
| Shapiro - Robertson-Miller theory - cytosine - went | | | | [is it] clear that their descendants were actually |
| nowhere." "..fall to 0 (zero) percent .." ".. | | | | better adapted than their predecessors. In other |
| Robertson-Miller chemical reaction "..self-defeating .. | | | | words, biological improvement .. hard to find." |
| contingent on unlikely circumstances." | | | | - "The pathetic thing is that we have scientists trying |
| - ".. complex sugars also needed .. dextro-ribose .. | | | | to prove evolution, which no scientist can ever prove. |
| chemist A. Eschenmoser altered molecules .. skeptics | | | | " |
| noted chemist himself indispensable to process .." | | | | - "In other words when the assumed evolutionary |
| - "Events .. appear to depend on [the] large | | | | processes did not match .. the pattern was judged to |
| assumption, unproved, that early atmosphere was | | | | be wrong. As is now well known, most fossil species |
| reductive." | | | | appear instantaneously .. persist for millions of years |
| - "The historical task assigned .. forming chains of | | | | virtually unchanged only to disappear abruptly. |
| nucleic acids .. discovering those capable of | | | | problem is morphological stasis. A theory [Darwin] is |
| self-reproduction. Without first .. no RNA, without | | | | only as good as its predictions .. claims to be a |
| second .. no life." | | | | comprehensive explanation of evolutionary process - |
| - Darwin-Evolution begins with self-replicating, and | | | | failed to predict long-term morphological stasis - now |
| self-replicating precisely what needs to be explained." | | | | recognized as most striking aspects of fossil record." |
| - "To accumulating agenda of assumptions, add two | | | | - "The origin of life is still a mystery - not been |
| more .. by means [we] cannot duplicate .. [how did] | | | | demonstrated by experimental realization, I cannot |
| pre-biotic molecule discover how [to] replicate itself? " | | | | conceive of any of any physical or chemical condition |
| - Microbiologist, C. Woese, "If nucleic acids cannot .. | | | | [which leads to evolution]. I cannot be satisfied by |
| recognize amino acids .. no 'fundamental principle'.. at | | | | the idea that fortuitous mutation .. can explain the |
| work." | | | | complex and rational organization of brain, lungs, |
| - "The most difficult and challenging problem .. origins | | | | heart, kidneys, and even joints and muscles. How is it |
| of life .. genetic code .. from a chemical perspective, | | | | possible to escape the idea of some intelligent and |
| arbitrary. The other half .. activity of the proteins .. | | | | organizing force?" |
| necessary. The problem follows: how did .. the whole | | | | - "The paradox [of] -life's origins makes spontaneous |
| system-get there? " | | | | development from inanimate matter impossible: "living |
| - " prevailing opinion among molecular biologists is - | | | | cells need both proteins and nucleic acids: nucleic acids |
| questions only answered by experiment. H. Suga | | | | for replication, proteins, to maintain the cell. But |
| experiment .. ribozime managed to cleave itself .. Suga | | | | neither of these complex molecules can be produced |
| summarizing results of research, "..no more than .. a | | | | without the other. " The most powerful argument |
| feather [being the] foundation of a building. | | | | against Darwinism is - "Both of these exceedingly |
| - "Darwin perspective .. impediment: the assignment | | | | complex mechanisms (proteins and nucleic acids) |
| of a degree of foresight .. that the process could not | | | | were found to be present and fully developed in the |
| possibly possess." | | | | earliest known living organisms. " |
| - " prudent to recall how much has been assumed. | | | | - "Since the monumental conference on |
| [Six assumptions] .. paradigm revolution .. metabolism .. | | | | Macro-Evolution held in Chicago in 1980 ... total |
| alternative to RNA world .. no evidence [that] it is | | | | reevaluation of life's origins .. world-famous |
| true." | | | | paleontologist, Dr. Niles Eldridge, American Museum of |
| - "Could two steps have taken place simultaneously? | | | | Natural History, unequivocally declared - overwhelming |
| If so, .. appears - very little difference between a | | | | evidence, both statistical and paleontological, [point |
| Darwinian explanation and frank admission .. miracle at | | | | out] that life could not have started on Earth by |
| work." | | | | series of random chemical reactions." |
| - " no one has conducted experiment leading to | | | | - Physisist Nathan Aviezer: "Except for three acts of |
| self-replicating ribozine. .. minimum length needed .. | | | | creation, the biblical account of .. the universe can be |
| roughly 100 nucleotides. .. odds 1 in 10 to 60th power | | | | explained in terms of present-day laws of nature |
| .. no betting man would take .. [real] odds even | | | | li> |
| worse." | | | | - "There are 10 to the 390th power possible |
| - "175 years since F. Wohler .. [experiment] urea .. | | | | combinations of proteins, [but] fewer than 2 x 10 to |
| questions about origins of the mind and of life ".. | | | | the 12th power [permit 'life'] - therefore only one out |
| 'immense and wonderful universe .. impossible .. [to | | | | of 10 to the 378th power of protein combinations |
| be] result of 'blind chance' - we may have to say | | | | [permit life] .. by random mutations on DNA of |
| that 'mind' and 'life' appear in the universe for no | | | | genome ,, as if nature chose at random from a bag |
| good reason that we can ascern. " | | | | containing a billion, billion, billion (repeated forty times) |
| Pro-Darwin Scientists (also Research Complexities) | | | | proteins, the only one that worked, and then |
| Pro-Darwinism scientists are well motivated, mostly | | | | repeated the trick, again and again..." |
| atheistic, just unwilling to accept the idea of a God or | | | | - "Rediscovery of Walcott's (hidden) fossils in the |
| Creator or Intelligent Designer. However, they are | | | | mid-1980s changed evolutionary concept - scientific |
| honest in their research admissions. | | | | journals: Scientific American, National Geographic, |
| Natural History Magazine, "The Origins of Life". Feb. | | | | Time, many newspapers, e.g. the New York Times, |
| 2006; Antonio Lascano, Biology Professor; President, | | | | etc., featuredarticles questioning evolution. However, |
| International Society for Study of Origins of Life | | | | apparently all these had no effect on the mind-set of |
| -among world's most esteemed scientists, dedicated | | | | intellectual leaders - all those writings in so many |
| believer in Darwin-Evolutionism. | | | | major newspapers and scientific journals were |
| - Theory from Zoologist Haeckel - first life forms | | | | apparently ignored - today the high school textbooks |
| plants - micro-organism .. photosynthesis .. non-living | | | | and college biology courses still teach that |
| matter; theory rejected by Oparin .. long period | | | | 'invertebrates gradually evolve into vertebrates, and |
| a-biotic synthesis organic compounds .. accumulate as | | | | judges and columnists still proclaim what they were |
| pre-biotic soup .. preceding life - proposing "organic | | | | taught in their youth." |
| molecules could evolve through fermentation into | | | | (Note: It is submitted that the last item, as well as |
| pre-cellular systems .. could have led to cells .. fed on | | | | the data and arguments of so many leading scientists |
| pre-biotic soup .. " | | | | in the specifically applicable fields of paleontology and |
| - Chemist Wachter-shauser proposed "iron-sulphur" | | | | biology - that this certainly seems to be evidence of |
| hypothesis, iron sulfide mixing with hydrogen sulfide, | | | | "brain-washing"! It is certainly not science, certainly |
| releasing hydrogen .. organic compounds could form | | | | not reason nor logic, but can only be a willful |
| from carbon monoxide in atmosphere .. "life" could | | | | anti-religion fervor which continues to fuel the |
| have begun if "self-catalyzing" systems emerged | | | | widespread belief that Darwin-Evolutionism has been |
| from organic compound". "Unfortunately, geologic | | | | scientifically proven.) |
| record .. not answer questions by Miller or | | | | Comparative Analysis: D-E vs I.D. |
| Wachtershauser .. no knowledge of early Earth | | | | From the voluminous data above, from the frank |
| environment, temperature, ocean acidity, atmosphere | | | | admissions of pro-Darwin scientists, to the |
| .. no fossil record of 'first cell entities'". | | | | mathematical improbabilities from challenging |
| - Theories and experiments with pre-biotic simulation | | | | scientists, it is clear that only anti-religious zeal drives |
| since 1807, Proust, Berzeriul, Wohler, Strecker, | | | | the "Darwinism-is-proven" agenda. Since neither |
| Butlerov, et al, attempted synthesizing molecules | | | | theory can be proved or disproved, with the massive |
| under primitive conditions. Miller and Urey, others also, | | | | improbabilities for D-E, the rational choice has to be |
| confirm "amino acids and molecules can form", but | | | | Intelligent Design. |
| even with extra-terrestrial molecules to "spice" | | | | |