Biotechnology - An Overview

Application of technologies on biological systems,environmental science as well. It is used to recycle
dead organisms and their derivatives and food andand retreat the wastes that are left behind at
medicine can be broadly defined as biotechnology. Itcontaminated sites by various industries. This process
never had a particular definition since its applicationsis termed as bioremediation. Many experiments
and implementations on various other areas ofconcerning DNA and RNA and other molecular
science are enormous. From manipulating crops andstructures in the human body also comprise of a
plants to increase the yield to transfer of genes fromwide area of practical biotechnology. Mapping of the
one organism to the other biotechnologygenes has risen a lot of interest in this decade and
encompasses almost all the living and non-livingwith the completion of the Human Genome Project
entities on earth. With the drastic improvement innewer prospects for biotechnology has paved way.
various machineries and equipments used in theBiotechnology has found promising applications in
processing of biological materials and the examining ofpharmaceutical manufacturing as well. From the
microscopic organisms biotechnology has come a farproduction of antibiotics to the purification and
way since the traditional days of fermentation likeseparation processes for biomolecules. Biotechnology
techniques, which also is a part of biotechnology.has its presence felt almost everywhere.
In the earlier times, biotechnology's application wasBiotechnology plays a massive role in the field of
limited to agriculture and in the production ofmedicine as well. As more and more genetic diseases
fermented food products but with the discovery ofare brought into picture it is through biotechnology
newer and much complicated data comprising of thethat we try and find ways and means of manipulating
most smallest of structures that are measured inthe genes and discovering the cure for the disease.
microns biotechnology has been found fruitful in theAlso with the depleting natural resources for fuel and
production of many useful products that improvesthe environmental effects caused by the use of the
the quality of life of mankind. The categories ofconventional fuels can be curbed to a certain extent
science like genetic engineering, animal cell culture,with the proper manifestation of biotechnology in the
plant cell culture, microbiology, molecular biology,production of biorenewable fuel from crops.
cytogenetics, cryopreservation, bioprocessing,Biotechnology can speed the production of ethanol
biochemistry, cell biology, embryology, immunologyand methane for natural gas from these crops.
and bioinformatics all these come underOverall, biotechnology improves the quality of life and
biotechnology.brings in new horizons of modern techniques in
Biotechnology has wide prospects when it comes tovarious aspects of human life.